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Computer Software/Engineering
Breach intelligence, attack campaigns, and threat reports targeting the Computer Software/Engineering sector.
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Computer Software/Engineering Threat Reports
Oracle E-Business Suite 2025: Critical SSRF Exploit Exposed and Analyzed
In October 2025, Oracle E-Business Suite was found to be vulnerable to an actively exploited server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2025-61882. Threat actors leveraged a publicly available exploit script to manipulate the product’s servlet endpoints, extracting CSRF tokens and delivering a crafted payload capable of executing arbitrary commands via XSLT and Java reflection. The attack enabled remote code execution and potential lateral movement within affected enterprise environments, with indicators of compromise made public shortly after discovery. Oracle’s rapid response included a critical patch and threat intelligence advisory. This incident highlights an ongoing surge in advanced web exploitation techniques, particularly SSRF combined with deserialization and XSLT-based attacks. It underscores the urgent need for timely patching, defense-in-depth, and continuous anomaly detection, as well as the growing focus of attackers on business-critical ERP platforms.
6 months ago
Kill Chain
Salesloft Drift Supply Chain Breach: How Okta and Zscaler Responded in 2023
In August 2023, a sophisticated supply chain attack targeting Salesloft and Drift exposed the vulnerabilities of OAuth token management in SaaS integrations. Threat actor group UNC6395 compromised Salesloft's GitHub and later leveraged compromised OAuth tokens from the Drift platform, affecting over 700 customers—including security leaders Okta and Zscaler. While Okta’s proactive use of IP restrictions blocked malicious API requests and prevented data loss, Zscaler experienced a significant breach, exposing both customer and internal data. The campaign unfolded rapidly, relying on automated scripts for widespread data extraction via legitimate channels before defenses were activated. This incident underscores the growing pipeline threat of API- and token-driven attacks across integrated SaaS ecosystems. As organizations increasingly rely on third-party applications, traditional security mechanisms and risk due diligence are proving insufficient against lateral supply-chain intrusion tactics and the automated exploitation of tokenized access.
6 months ago
Kill Chain
Discord 2024 Breach: Third-Party Support Attack Exposes User Data
In early March 2024, Discord disclosed a data breach after threat actors compromised a third-party customer service provider’s systems. Attackers gained access to customer support tickets, exposing partial payment information, names, email addresses, and government-issued IDs of Discord users who had interacted with support. The breach occurred through unauthorized access to the provider’s internal systems, allowing exfiltration of sensitive, personally identifiable information linked to support requests. Discord promptly investigated, notified affected users, and terminated the third party’s access to its systems. This incident highlights the increasing risks associated with third-party vendors handling sensitive data, especially as social engineering and supply chain attacks become more common. Growing scrutiny from regulators and customers underscores the need for robust supply chain security and continuous monitoring of vendor access.
6 months ago
Kill Chain
CometJacking: How a Single Click Turned Perplexity's Comet AI Browser into a Data Thief
In October 2025, cybersecurity researchers uncovered a significant prompt injection attack targeting Perplexity's Comet AI browser. Dubbed "CometJacking," this incident involved adversaries embedding malicious prompts in links, which—when clicked by users—triggered unauthorized data siphoning through the browser's agentic AI capabilities. Sensitive information, including from connected services like email and calendars, was exposed, demonstrating how AI-driven interfaces can be subverted via crafted input. The attack exploited trust in browser automation and the deep integration of third-party services, raising concerns about the security of AI-powered productivity tools. This incident is highly relevant as prompt injection attacks are rapidly emerging as a primary risk vector for generative AI environments. The growth in agentic AI and interconnected browser-based workflows has exposed new attack surfaces, prompting urgent calls for improved input validation, isolation of automation agents, and strengthened compliance for AI SaaS applications.
6 months ago
Kill Chain
Salesforce Breach 2024: Scattered Lapsus$ Hunters' Massive Data Extortion Campaign
In October 2024, the cybercriminal collective Scattered Lapsus$ Hunters resurfaced with a dedicated leak site, threatening to publish stolen data related to Salesforce customers if their extortion demands were not met. This group, an alliance of threat actors including Scattered Spider, Lapsus$, and ShinyHunters, allegedly compromised Salesforce environments through social engineering—specifically vishing IT support personnel to obtain credentials and, in parallel campaigns, exploiting OAuth token theft. The attackers claimed to possess approximately one billion records from 39 prominent organizations, including sensitive personally identifiable information (PII) like Social Security and driver’s license numbers. This incident underscores the increased targeting of SaaS platforms via identity and access manipulation, as well as the growing sophistication of multinational threat actor collaborations. It signals elevated risk for organizations relying on cloud applications and highlights the necessity of enforcing multi-factor authentication and vigilant third-party access controls.
6 months ago
Kill Chain
CometJacking Attack: How Prompt Injection Exposed Comet AI Browser Users in 2025
In October 2025, security researchers from LayerX uncovered a novel 'CometJacking' attack affecting Perplexity's Comet AI browser. This prompt injection attack leverages URL parameters to deliver hidden instructions that compel the browser to access and exfiltrate sensitive data—such as Gmail messages and Google Calendar information—from connected services, without any need for user credentials or interaction. The technique exploits the 'collection' URL parameter to insert malicious prompts, instructing the AI agent to gather and encode user data (e.g., using base64) before surreptitiously transmitting it to attacker-controlled endpoints. Despite being informed, Perplexity dismissed the security risk, highlighting concerns about unmitigated AI agent behaviors.This incident surfaces amid growing adoption of agentic AI browsers and illustrates the ease with which prompt injection tactics can sidestep controls, particularly in tools integrated with sensitive personal or enterprise accounts. The attack underscores the increasing threat from adversarial prompt engineering as AI agent usage expands rapidly.
6 months ago
Kill Chain
Rhadamanthys Stealer 2025: Device Fingerprinting, Steganography, and the New Face of Data Theft
In October 2025, cybersecurity researchers uncovered significant new capabilities in the Rhadamanthys Stealer malware, including advanced device fingerprinting and the use of PNG steganography to distribute malicious payloads. Initially spread via cybercrime forums, the malware author has expanded its ecosystem with additional tools like Elysium Proxy Bot and Crypt Service, targeting organizations worldwide. Threat actors leveraged these upgrades to collect detailed browser and system data while evading detection, resulting in an uptick of credential, financial, and sensitive data thefts across enterprise environments. The evolution of Rhadamanthys Stealer highlights a broader trend of information stealer malware using novel evasion tactics and multi-tool ecosystems. Its modularity and innovative payload delivery have driven increased attention from security teams and regulators, as businesses seek to defend against ever-more-sophisticated data exfiltration methods.
6 months ago
Kill Chain
Microsoft AI Voice Cloning: A New SaaS Security Exposure in 2024
In early 2024, Microsoft’s ‘Speak for Me’ AI-powered voice cloning technology emerged as a significant security risk when researchers and privacy advocates highlighted its potential for abuse. Attackers could exploit the deep integration of this feature into productivity platforms like Teams, enabling the creation of near-perfect voice replicas for use in live calls or AI-driven agent interactions across SaaS environments. The risk is compounded by the platform’s capability to reproduce voices without comprehensive enrollment checks, opening avenues for sophisticated impersonation attacks and social engineering, ultimately undermining trust in corporate communications and user authentication. This incident underscores an urgent trend: as generative AI technologies become embedded in mainstream communications platforms, attackers are adopting new TTPs focused on identity and voice deception. Enterprises must address these risks proactively, with regulatory scrutiny growing over AI misuse in both authentication and privacy contexts.
6 months ago
Kill Chain
Jaguar Land Rover Ransomware Breach: 2024 Supply Chain Disruption Case Study
In early 2024, Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) suffered a disruptive ransomware attack that exposed the company’s vulnerability to advanced persistent threats. Attackers, suspected to be Medusa ransomware operators, leveraged residual access from a prior breach to re-enter JLR’s systems, eventually encrypting sensitive data and disrupting operations across its supply chain. The breach forced significant production slowdowns, delayed supplier payments, and prompted the company to enact emergency IT protocols and notify regulatory authorities. This incident highlights the growing threat of repeat ransomware campaigns targeting global manufacturers and their digital supply chains. It underscores the critical need for continuous detection, east-west network visibility, and rigorous post-breach remediation in defending against evolving ransomware tactics.
6 months ago
Kill Chain
Red Hat Hit by GitLab Breach: Crimson Collective Steals Sensitive Consulting Data
In September 2025, Red Hat confirmed a security incident involving unauthorized access to a GitLab instance used by its consulting business. The threat group, Crimson Collective, claims to have exfiltrated nearly 570GB of compressed data from approximately 28,000 internal repositories, including around 800 Customer Engagement Reports (CERs) containing sensitive infrastructure details, authentication tokens, and database URIs. The attackers allegedly leveraged these credentials to potentially access downstream customer environments. Red Hat stated that no other company services or products were affected and initiated remediation steps shortly after detecting the breach. This incident highlights a growing trend of threat actors targeting source code management systems and leveraging poorly secured credentials to escalate access. It underscores the importance of robust secrets management, Zero Trust segmentation, and stringent access controls across cloud-native development environments.
6 months ago
Kill Chain
Red Hat's 2025 Consulting GitLab Breach: Crimson Collective Breaches Development Data
In October 2025, Red Hat, an IBM subsidiary, confirmed a data breach after the Crimson Collective threat group accessed and exfiltrated information from a self-managed GitLab Community Edition instance used for the company’s consulting projects. Attackers reportedly stole over 28,000 code repositories containing project specifications, code samples, internal communications, and potentially sensitive artifacts such as credentials and configuration data shared with consulting customers. The incident did not impact any other Red Hat services or products, and the company promptly launched an investigation, isolated the affected system, and notified relevant authorities and affected customers. This breach highlights growing risks associated with supply chain exposures, particularly when attackers target development and collaboration platforms where sensitive operational data may be stored. The incident is indicative of rising threats from organized cybercrime groups seeking intellectual property, credentials, and internal communications for downstream exploitation.
6 months ago
Kill Chain
Malicious PyPI Package 'soopsocks' Infects 2,653 Systems in Supply-Chain Breach
In October 2025, security researchers discovered a malicious Python package named "soopsocks" on the official Python Package Index (PyPI) repository, which was designed to masquerade as a legitimate SOCKS5 proxy tool while covertly delivering backdoor functionalities to affected Windows machines. Attackers used this supply-chain vector to reach unsuspecting developers and organizations, resulting in 2,653 downloads before the package was taken down by PyPI administrators. The malware enabled attackers to deploy additional payloads, potentially leading to data exfiltration and further system compromise across multiple organizations. This incident exemplifies the persistent risk of open-source ecosystem attacks, as threat actors increasingly target software supply chains and code repositories. It highlights the urgent need for organizations to harden software development pipelines and monitor third-party dependencies for tampering or malicious behavior.
6 months ago
Kill Chain
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