In September 2025, a major supply chain compromise hit the npm ecosystem with the discovery of the Shai-Hulud worm. Attackers leveraged malicious npm packages to propagate self-replicating malware, which spread by abusing developer credentials and update permissions across over 500 packages—including widely used libraries from organizations such as CrowdStrike. Malicious code executed on install harvested secrets, exfiltrated sensitive GitHub and cloud data, and published infected releases to additional packages, resulting in widespread risk of source code leaks, credential theft, and downstream infections. This incident typifies the escalating trend of highly automated supply chain attacks targeting open-source repositories. Such events highlight the vulnerabilities of complex dependency networks and reinforce the necessity for robust controls, automated monitoring, and zero trust policies for development and CI/CD ecosystems.

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)

PEPrivilege Escalation(high)

LMLateral Movement(medium)

C&CCommand & Control(high)

EExfiltration(high)

IImpact(medium)

Read report

High impact9 months ago

Computer Software/Engineering

Malicious Rust Crates Infect Supply Chain, Steal Crypto Wallet Keys in 2025

In May 2025, cybersecurity researchers identified a major supply chain attack targeting the Rust developer ecosystem. Two malicious Rust crates—faster_log and async_println—were published on the popular crates.io repository, masquerading as legitimate packages but designed to covertly exfiltrate Solana and Ethereum wallet private keys from software projects that incorporated them. The threat actors, using the aliases rustguruman and dumbnbased, achieved over 8,400 downloads, heightening the risk of cryptographic asset theft and potentially impacting both individual developers and organizations reliant on decentralized finance. This incident exemplifies the growing risks within open-source ecosystems, where attackers exploit trusted repositories to distribute malware. The trend of targeting crypto assets through developer-centric supply chain attacks highlights an urgent need for more robust vetting of third-party code and increased vigilance against evolving attacker tactics.

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)

PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)

LMLateral Movement(low)

C&CCommand & Control(medium)

EExfiltration(high)

IImpact(high)

Read report

Low impact9 months ago

Computer Software/Engineering

North Korean AkdoorTea Supply Chain Attack Hits Global Crypto Developers

In September 2025, a sophisticated supply chain attack targeting the global cryptocurrency development sector was uncovered, orchestrated by North Korea-linked threat actors associated with the Contagious Interview campaign. Leveraging a newly identified backdoor named AkdoorTea—as well as tools like TsunamiKit and Tropidoor—the adversaries compromised software development environments across all major operating systems, including Windows. According to research from ESET, tracked as part of the DeceptiveDevelopment group, attackers used trojanized developer tools and social engineering tactics to infiltrate their targets and facilitate lateral movement, data theft, and potential deployment of further malware within sensitive crypto-related projects. This incident highlights the rising trend of nation-state attackers exploiting software supply chains to infiltrate innovative sectors such as cryptocurrency. It underscores the urgent need for improved east-west traffic visibility, zero trust segmentation, and threat detection controls, as organizations increasingly become targets for persistent, highly resourced adversaries.

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)

PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)

LMLateral Movement(medium)

C&CCommand & Control(high)

EExfiltration(medium)

IImpact(low)

Read report

Medium impact9 months ago

Computer Software/Engineering

Salesforce AI Prompt Injection Bug Exposes CRM Data in 2025 Breach

In September 2025, security researchers at Noma Security identified a critical vulnerability, termed ForcedLeak (CVSS 9.4), in Salesforce Agentforce, an AI-powered platform for constructing automation agents. The flaw allowed threat actors to launch indirect prompt injection attacks against Agentforce’s integration with Salesforce’s CRM, opening avenues for exfiltration of sensitive customer relationship data. The attack leveraged manipulated AI prompts that bypassed input validation, ultimately resulting in confidential business and customer information being at risk of exposure until Salesforce deployed a rapid patch. This incident highlights the growing risks stemming from AI prompt injection vulnerabilities as more enterprises embrace AI-integrated SaaS for customer-facing processes. The Salesforce episode underscores regulatory and security urgency to address trust boundaries around rapidly-evolving AI within business-critical platforms.

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)

PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)

LMLateral Movement(low)

C&CCommand & Control(medium)

EExfiltration(high)

IImpact(medium)

Read report

Medium impact9 months ago

Computer Software/Engineering

Webshells Hidden in .well-known Directories: The 2024 Web Application Attack Trend

In September 2024, cybersecurity researchers observed a surge in malicious actors targeting the .well-known directory on web servers to deploy PHP-based webshells. Attackers exploited this typically-overlooked directory, intended for status and authentication files, as it remains web-accessible but hidden within the Unix filesystem. Logs and honeypot data detailed repeated attempts to probe and establish footholds via .well-known and its subdirectories, such as acme-challenge and pki-validation, with the clear goal of persistent, covert remote control. This technique illustrates an evolving trend in web application attacks, where multistage threats exploit common web standards and overlooked controls. Organizations face heightened risk from such stealthy compromises, underscoring the need for continuous monitoring and adaptive defense in the current threat landscape.

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)

PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)

LMLateral Movement(medium)

C&CCommand & Control(high)

EExfiltration(medium)

IImpact(medium)

Read report

High impact9 months ago

Computer Software/Engineering

GitHub Notification Phishing Abuses Y Combinator Brand for Crypto Theft (2025)

In September 2025, a widespread phishing campaign exploited GitHub's notification system to target software developers for cryptocurrency theft. Attackers impersonated the reputable startup accelerator Y Combinator and generated hundreds of fake issue notifications across GitHub repositories, tagging users to trigger authentic-looking emails. Victims were lured to a spoofed Y Combinator website with a subtle domain misspelling, where they were prompted to connect cryptocurrency wallets for 'verification.' Behind the scenes, obfuscated scripts authorized malicious transactions, draining wallets once users signed in. The fraudulent repositories were quickly reported and taken down, but it's unclear how many users suffered financial losses. This attack highlights the growing trend of threat actors leveraging trusted platforms for sophisticated social engineering, particularly as notification-based phishing campaigns increase and cryptocurrency remains a lucrative target. The evolving tactics underscore the urgent necessity for enhanced vigilance, technical controls, and authentication checks across digital collaboration tools.

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)

PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)

LMLateral Movement(low)

C&CCommand & Control(medium)

EExfiltration(high)

IImpact(high)

Read report

High impact9 months ago

Computer Software/Engineering

PyPI Phishing Attack Exposes Open-Source Supply Chain in 2025

In September 2025, the Python Package Index (PyPI) suffered a targeted supply-chain phishing campaign, where threat actors impersonated PyPI via convincing emails and domain lookalikes (such as pypi-mirror.org). Attackers sent phishing emails to PyPI maintainers, warning of account suspension and requesting email verification. Unsuspecting victims who followed malicious links and entered credentials risked account compromise, enabling attackers to breach legitimate developer accounts. The likely aim was to either infect existing packages with malware or introduce new malicious packages into trusted software repositories, potentially impacting the broader Python ecosystem. This incident underscores the growing sophistication of software supply-chain threats, especially as open-source repositories face sustained phishing campaigns and credential harvesting tactics. As phishing campaigns increasingly target developers and critical infrastructure, strong phishing-resistant authentication and vigilant domain monitoring are now essential industry-wide defenses.

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)

PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)

LMLateral Movement(low)

C&CCommand & Control(medium)

EExfiltration(low)

IImpact(high)

Read report

Medium impact9 months ago

Information Technology/IT

How Brickstorm Malware Evaded Detection in US Legal & Tech Sectors: A 2025 APT Case Study

In 2025, Google’s Threat Intelligence Group uncovered that the UNC5221 threat actor, suspected to have ties to China, used the Brickstorm malware to conduct stealthy, long-term espionage campaigns against U.S. legal and technology organizations, SaaS providers, and BPOs. The attackers exploited zero-day vulnerabilities in enterprise edge devices lacking EDR protection, establishing persistent access for an average dwell time of over a year. Brickstorm enabled credential theft, lateral movement, and data exfiltration, often targeting email and sensitive code repositories, all while obfuscating forensic traces and regularly changing infrastructure. This incident highlights a growing trend of persistent, supply-chain-oriented APT attacks targeting critical sectors via unmonitored infrastructure. It underscores the importance of timely patching, segmentation, and improved visibility for hybrid and edge environments facing increasing risks from nation-state adversaries.

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(medium)

PEPrivilege Escalation(high)

LMLateral Movement(high)

C&CCommand & Control(high)

EExfiltration(high)

IImpact(medium)

Read report

High impact9 months ago

Airlines/Aviation

RTX Ransomware Attack Disrupts Major European Airports in 2025

In September 2025, RTX Corporation (formerly Raytheon Technologies) experienced a significant ransomware attack targeting its Collins Aerospace Multi-User System Environment (MUSE) passenger processing platform. The ransomware—suspected to be from the Hardbit or Loki ransomware families—caused widespread operational disruptions, leading to flight cancellations and delays at major European airports including London Heathrow, Brussels, Cork, Dublin, and Berlin. The attack was detected on September 19th, prompting RTX to initiate a full incident response, notify authorities, and deploy technical mitigations across affected customer networks. Law enforcement arrested a UK-based suspect linked to the attack, underscoring the event’s criminal intent and sophistication. This incident highlights a rising trend of ransomware groups targeting critical infrastructure and supply chain applications, often by leveraging commodity Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS) tools. It also signals a shift in attacker behavior towards less sophisticated malware, which can still yield significant operational disruption due to integrated, shared technology platforms in aviation and other sectors.

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(medium)

PEPrivilege Escalation(low)

LMLateral Movement(medium)

C&CCommand & Control(low)

EExfiltration(low)

IImpact(high)

Read report

Medium impact9 months ago

Computer Software/Engineering

Critical Wondershare RepairIt Vulnerabilities in 2025 Expose User Data and AI Models

In September 2025, security researchers from Trend Micro uncovered two critical vulnerabilities in Wondershare RepairIt, a leading file repair software. Identified as CVE-2025-10643 (authentication bypass, CVSS 9.1) and a second AI model tampering flaw, these vulnerabilities allowed unauthorized attackers to access sensitive user information and potentially manipulate embedded AI models. Exploitation could be achieved over unencrypted traffic routes, making lateral movement and data exfiltration easier for adversaries. The flaws highlighted the growing risks associated with AI-driven software and the increased attack surface presented by supply chain exposures. This incident underscores the urgency of securing both traditional application logic and the growing use of embedded AI models. Adversaries are increasingly targeting AI supply chains and exploiting weak east-west segmentation controls, a pattern observed in several recent breaches. Regulatory scrutiny and customer expectations around data protection continue to mount.

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)

PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)

LMLateral Movement(medium)

C&CCommand & Control(low)

EExfiltration(medium)

IImpact(medium)

Read report

Low impact9 months ago

Law Practice/Law Firms

UNC5221 Breach: BRICKSTORM Backdoor Hits U.S. Legal & Tech Sectors (2025)

In September 2025, a sophisticated cyber espionage operation targeting U.S.-based legal services, SaaS providers, BPOs, and technology firms was attributed to UNC5221, a suspected China-nexus threat actor. The attackers leveraged the BRICKSTORM backdoor as their primary access mechanism, gaining initial entry through spear-phishing campaigns and exploiting software vulnerabilities. Once inside, they focused on lateral movement, data gathering, and exfiltration, leveraging encrypted channels to avoid detection. The incident resulted in exposure of sensitive legal documents, business data, and intellectual property, highlighting the advanced TTPs of nation-state actors targeting critical professional sectors. This breach exemplifies the growing prevalence of targeted espionage campaigns against high-value service and technology industries. It underscores the urgency for organizations to adopt advanced threat detection, zero trust segmentation, and strong encrypted communication controls in the face of persistent, well-resourced adversaries and heightened regulatory scrutiny.

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(medium)

PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)

LMLateral Movement(medium)

C&CCommand & Control(high)

EExfiltration(medium)

IImpact(low)

Read report

Medium impact9 months ago

Computer Software/Engineering

Steganography Strikes: npm Supply Chain Breach Hides Malware in JavaScript Package (2024)

In June 2024, a malicious npm JavaScript package was discovered masquerading as a utility library while covertly deploying a credential-stealing malware. Attackers cleverly embedded the malicious payload using steganography by hiding harmful code within QR code images bundled in the package. Once installed by developers, the malware extracted sensitive credentials and communicated with attacker-controlled infrastructure, posing a significant risk to any organization that unknowingly integrated the tainted dependency in its software supply chain. This incident underscores the mounting threat posed by highly obfuscated, supply chain attacks leveraging trusted open-source platforms. The attack highlights the emergence of sophisticated malware delivery via unconventional vectors such as steganographic encoding within common file formats. With broad software ecosystem dependencies and rapid code adoption, organizations face increasing urgency to vet third-party packages and enforce robust supply chain security controls.

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)

PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)

LMLateral Movement(medium)

C&CCommand & Control(high)

EExfiltration(high)

IImpact(medium)

Read report

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Computer Software/Engineering

Massive npm Supply Chain Attack: Shai-Hulud Worm Infects Hundreds of Packages

Malicious Rust Crates Infect Supply Chain, Steal Crypto Wallet Keys in 2025

North Korean AkdoorTea Supply Chain Attack Hits Global Crypto Developers

Salesforce AI Prompt Injection Bug Exposes CRM Data in 2025 Breach

Webshells Hidden in .well-known Directories: The 2024 Web Application Attack Trend

GitHub Notification Phishing Abuses Y Combinator Brand for Crypto Theft (2025)

PyPI Phishing Attack Exposes Open-Source Supply Chain in 2025

How Brickstorm Malware Evaded Detection in US Legal & Tech Sectors: A 2025 APT Case Study

RTX Ransomware Attack Disrupts Major European Airports in 2025

Critical Wondershare RepairIt Vulnerabilities in 2025 Expose User Data and AI Models

UNC5221 Breach: BRICKSTORM Backdoor Hits U.S. Legal & Tech Sectors (2025)

Steganography Strikes: npm Supply Chain Breach Hides Malware in JavaScript Package (2024)

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