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Information Technology/IT

Breach intelligence, attack campaigns, and threat reports targeting the Information Technology/IT sector.

3797 threat reports
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Information Technology/IT Threat Reports

Showing 3025–3036 / 3797 reports
Malicious VSCode Extensions Breach Developer Supply Chain in 2024
Computer Software/Engineering10 months ago

Malicious VSCode Extensions Breach Developer Supply Chain in 2024

In early 2024, researchers uncovered a significant supply chain attack affecting the Visual Studio Code Marketplace, where 19 malicious extensions were published and actively distributed since February. These extensions, downloaded by thousands of developers worldwide, secretly harbored trojans within disguised PNG files placed in dependency folders. The attackers leveraged VSCode’s broad adoption as a developer tool to inject remote access trojans (RATs) and facilitate potential compromise of development environments and source code. Microsoft has since removed the malicious extensions, but the campaign illustrates a growing trend of targeting developer ecosystems for initial access and data exfiltration. This incident highlights the increased risk posed by third-party dependencies in software supply chains, especially as attackers shift toward platforms popular among technical professionals. The event also underscores the ongoing regulatory and compliance challenges in managing integrity and security for code repositories and developer tools.

Medium impact

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)
PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)
LMLateral Movement(medium)
C&CCommand & Control(high)
EExfiltration(high)
IImpact(medium)
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Notepad++ Supply Chain Attack: Malicious Updater Flaw Exposes Millions (2024)
Computer Software/Engineering10 months ago

Notepad++ Supply Chain Attack: Malicious Updater Flaw Exposes Millions (2024)

In June 2024, Notepad++ addressed a critical security vulnerability in its updater component, WinGUp, after researchers revealed that attackers could intercept the update process and deliver malicious executables instead of authentic software updates. The flaw arose because the updater did not enforce encryption or signature verification when retrieving update packages, allowing adversaries to mount supply chain attacks through man-in-the-middle techniques. This exposed users to risk of remote code execution and allowed attackers to propagate malware under the guise of legitimate software updates. This incident highlights the growing wave of software supply chain attacks in 2024, echoing concerns from security leaders and regulators about the risks of unencrypted software delivery channels. Organizations are being urged to ensure proper code signing, encrypted update pipelines, and vigilant anomaly detection in third-party dependencies to defend against evolving threat tactics.

Low impact

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)
PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)
LMLateral Movement(medium)
C&CCommand & Control(medium)
EExfiltration(low)
IImpact(low)
Read report
Gladinet CentreStack 2024: RCE Attacks via Cryptographic Vulnerability
Information Technology/IT10 months ago

Gladinet CentreStack 2024: RCE Attacks via Cryptographic Vulnerability

In early June 2024, threat actors began exploiting a previously unknown cryptographic implementation flaw in Gladinet's CentreStack and Triofox products, enabling them to remotely execute code on vulnerable servers. By leveraging crafted payloads targeting insecure cryptographic validation, attackers bypassed authentication mechanisms and gained unauthorized access to sensitive file sharing environments. This led to potential exposure of confidential data, lateral movement, and service disruption for affected organizations, particularly those relying on CentreStack for enterprise file sharing and remote access. This incident highlights the risks of cryptographic implementation errors and the urgent need for patch management, especially for third-party cloud and SaaS solutions. As attackers increasingly weaponize zero-day flaws in commonly used remote file access platforms, enterprises must prioritize robust monitoring and rapid response strategies.

Medium impact

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)
PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)
LMLateral Movement(medium)
C&CCommand & Control(medium)
EExfiltration(medium)
IImpact(medium)
Read report
Gogs Zero-Day Exploit Compromises 700+ Cloud Instances in 2025
Computer Software/Engineering10 months ago

Gogs Zero-Day Exploit Compromises 700+ Cloud Instances in 2025

In July 2025, more than 700 internet-exposed instances of Gogs, a popular self-hosted Git service, were compromised via exploitation of an unpatched zero-day vulnerability (CVE-2025-8110). Threat actors took advantage of improper symbolic link handling in the file update API, enabling arbitrary file overwrite and remote code execution. Attackers deployed Supershell-based malware through a multi-step process to gain server access, leaving behind uniquely-named repositories and operating in a 'smash-and-grab' campaign style. The campaign exploited a previously patched flaw (CVE-2024-55947) bypass, emphasizing the importance of patch management and reducing attack surface exposure for critical developer infrastructure. This incident is highly relevant as it highlights an ongoing surge in attacks targeting developer and DevOps tools, exposing how rapidly adversaries adapt to security patch cycles and leverage weaknesses in open-source environments. GIT system supply chain risks and attacker agility mandate urgent focus on threat detection, cloud workload security, and privileged access management.

Low impact

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)
PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)
LMLateral Movement(low)
C&CCommand & Control(high)
EExfiltration(medium)
IImpact(low)
Read report
React2Shell (CVE-2025-55182): New React Server Components Flaw Under Active Attack
Computer Software/Engineering10 months ago

React2Shell (CVE-2025-55182): New React Server Components Flaw Under Active Attack

In December 2025, attackers rapidly weaponized a critical deserialization vulnerability (CVE-2025-55182, "React2Shell") in React Server Components (RSC), enabling remote code execution on web servers running unpatched React libraries. Threat actors exploited the flaw—scoring a CVSS 10.0—by sending serialized payloads in POST requests, executing arbitrary commands, deploying malware, and exfiltrating credentials. Infections observed include crypto-miners, Mirai/Gafgyt bots, and the advanced RondoDox botnet targeting both Linux servers and IoT devices. Exploit activity began within hours of disclosure, with a sharp increase in attempts against internet-facing systems. This incident highlights the increasing speed at which proof-of-concept exploits are operationalized in the wild, emphasizing risks of deserialization vulnerabilities and dependency hygiene in modern web application stacks. Supply chain and cloud-centric attacks leveraging similar TTPs are expected to become more common, placing organizations with weak patch cycles at heightened risk.

High impact

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)
PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)
LMLateral Movement(medium)
C&CCommand & Control(high)
EExfiltration(medium)
IImpact(high)
Read report
Spyware, Mirai, Docker Leaks & ValleyRAT: Anatomy of a 2025 Multi-Vector Breach
Information Technology/IT10 months ago

Spyware, Mirai, Docker Leaks & ValleyRAT: Anatomy of a 2025 Multi-Vector Breach

In December 2025, a sophisticated multivector cyberattack campaign exploited vulnerabilities across popular software, container platforms, and download channels. Hackers leveraged malicious browser extensions, tainted movie torrents, and compromised Docker images to disseminate a blend of Mirai botnet variants, ValleyRAT rootkits, and advanced spyware, evading traditional perimeter defenses. The attackers utilized encrypted communications and east-west movement to escalate privileges and exfiltrate sensitive organizational data. Impacts included operational outages, ransom demands, exposure of proprietary assets, and regulatory notification obligations for affected companies across multiple industries. This attack illustrates the intensifying convergence of commodity malware, supply chain threats, and network infiltration techniques. With ransomware, spyware, and rootkits increasingly delivered via trusted collaboration or cloud platforms, and as attackers exploit hybrid environments, organizations face urgent pressure to revisit segmentation, detection, and zero trust controls.

Medium impact

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(medium)
PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)
LMLateral Movement(medium)
C&CCommand & Control(medium)
EExfiltration(medium)
IImpact(medium)
Read report
Mythic: The Growing Threat of Post-Exploitation C2 Frameworks in Network Traffic
Financial Services10 months ago

Mythic: The Growing Threat of Post-Exploitation C2 Frameworks in Network Traffic

In early 2024, cybersecurity researchers revealed the widespread use of the Mythic post-exploitation framework by multiple threat actors to gain persistent control of compromised networks. Mythic, a versatile multi-platform C2 (command and control) toolkit, has enabled adversaries to evade endpoint detection tools while moving laterally, collecting data, and exfiltrating sensitive assets. By leveraging covert channels such as HTTP(S), SMB, WebSocket, Discord, and GitHub APIs, attackers have masked their traffic from traditional network security defenses. Incident response teams observed tailored communication modules, pivoting tactics, and sophisticated data encoding, resulting in delayed detection and prolonged dwell time within targeted organizations. This incident highlights the growing challenge for defenders as open-source offensive frameworks become more advanced and widely adopted. The surge of network-based C2 detection evasion tactics underscores the need for enhanced behavioral analysis, encrypted traffic inspection, and updated NDR/IDS capabilities, especially as regulatory and compliance scrutiny intensifies.

Medium impact

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(medium)
PEPrivilege Escalation(low)
LMLateral Movement(high)
C&CCommand & Control(high)
EExfiltration(high)
IImpact(medium)
Read report
CISA Adds OSGeo GeoServer CVE-2025-58360 to Known Exploited Vulnerabilities List
Government Administration10 months ago

CISA Adds OSGeo GeoServer CVE-2025-58360 to Known Exploited Vulnerabilities List

In December 2025, CISA added CVE-2025-58360, an Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference vulnerability in OSGeo GeoServer, to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalog after confirming evidence of active exploitation in the wild. The vulnerability allows remote attackers to exploit XML parsing weaknesses to access sensitive data or execute arbitrary code by submitting malicious crafted XML to the GeoServer platform, which is widely used for geospatial data services. Malicious actors leveraging this flaw can bypass security controls, potentially leading to significant data breaches or operational disruption across organizations dependent on GeoServer. This incident highlights the increasing urgency of remediating software supply chain and core infrastructure vulnerabilities exploited in real-world attacks. The active exploitation of such high-impact flaws is driving regulatory entities and private organizations to re-examine patch management, incident response, and zero trust controls for critical applications.

Low impact

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)
PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)
LMLateral Movement(medium)
C&CCommand & Control(medium)
EExfiltration(medium)
IImpact(low)
Read report
Varex Imaging 2025: Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in Dental Imaging Software
Health Care / Life Sciences10 months ago

Varex Imaging 2025: Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in Dental Imaging Software

In December 2025, Varex Imaging disclosed a critical privilege escalation vulnerability (CVE-2024-22774, CVSS v4 8.5) affecting its Panoramic Dental Imaging Software (versions prior to 6.6.1.490). The flaw, caused by an uncontrolled search path element (CWE-427) in the SDK, could enable a standard user to gain NT Authority/SYSTEM privileges through DLL hijacking. While the vulnerability cannot be exploited remotely and no active exploitation has been reported, successful compromise could give attackers unrestricted system access in affected healthcare environments, with the potential to disrupt or manipulate sensitive imaging processes. This incident underscores the persistent risks of local privilege escalation vulnerabilities in healthcare software, especially where operational technology and patient systems converge. With increasing regulatory requirements and a rising focus on vertical-specific threats, incidents like this highlight the urgent need for robust patch management, secure software development practices, and vigilant network segmentation in healthcare environments.

Medium impact

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)
PEPrivilege Escalation(high)
LMLateral Movement(medium)
C&CCommand & Control(medium)
EExfiltration(medium)
IImpact(medium)
Read report
Critical GDCM Vulnerability Risks Healthcare Medical Imaging Workflows
Health Care / Life Sciences10 months ago

Critical GDCM Vulnerability Risks Healthcare Medical Imaging Workflows

In December 2025, a significant vulnerability was disclosed in the Grassroots DICOM (GDCM) library, a critical open-source imaging component widely used in healthcare systems worldwide. Identified as CVE-2025-11266, this out-of-bounds write vulnerability could be triggered by simply opening a specially-crafted DICOM file, potentially crashing affected applications such as SimpleITK and medInria. The flaw, present in versions GDCM 3.0.24 and earlier, allows for denial-of-service and partial data and integrity impacts, increasing operational risk for healthcare environments that rely on medical imaging interoperability. This incident highlights the persistent risk posed by vulnerable third-party libraries in regulated industries like healthcare. The rise in supply chain threats and software dependencies magnifies the urgency for organizations to maintain rigorous patching practices and robust segmentation, as attackers increasingly target widely-deployed open-source components to disrupt critical services.

High impact

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(high)
PEPrivilege Escalation(low)
LMLateral Movement(low)
C&CCommand & Control(low)
EExfiltration(low)
IImpact(high)
Read report
Shanya Packer-as-a-Service: Ransomware’s New Obfuscation Arsenal
Financial Services10 months ago

Shanya Packer-as-a-Service: Ransomware’s New Obfuscation Arsenal

In May 2024, security researchers uncovered an emerging Packer-as-a-Service (PaaS) called Shanya, designed to help ransomware operators evade modern enterprise defenses. Shanya provides advanced payload obfuscation capabilities to threat actors, enabling the delivery of ransomware that bypasses endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions. Attackers using Shanya can rapidly pack malware before deployment, making it harder to analyze and detect. Early incidents showed Shanya-packed ransomware used to swiftly gain lateral movement across compromised environments, disrupt business operations, and facilitate significant data encryption and extortion campaigns. The rise of packers like Shanya signals a growing trend: ransomware groups are leveraging SaaS-style services to increase automation, evasion, and reach. With increased regulatory scrutiny on incident response and a surge in ransomware targeting sectors with critical operations, businesses must urgently strengthen detection and response strategies to address evolving malware delivery techniques.

High impact

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(medium)
PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)
LMLateral Movement(medium)
C&CCommand & Control(medium)
EExfiltration(low)
IImpact(high)
Read report
Storm-0249's Abuse of EDR Processes: A New Era of Stealth Attacks
Financial Services10 months ago

Storm-0249's Abuse of EDR Processes: A New Era of Stealth Attacks

In early 2024, threat actor Storm-0249 launched a series of stealthy attacks by weaponizing Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) platforms alongside native Windows utilities. As an initial access broker, the group circumvented traditional EDR defenses to gain persistent entry into multiple enterprise environments. Leveraging legitimate EDR processes for their own activities, Storm-0249 was able to evade security monitoring, escalate privileges, and facilitate lateral movement. These tactics led to compromised data and footholds that were subsequently sold to other cybercriminal groups, increasing the overall risk for targeted organizations. The emergence of sophisticated actors repurposing security tools for malicious objectives highlights an urgent industry focus on advanced detection, segmentation, and the continual evolution of zero trust strategies. This incident reflects a growing trend: motivated threat groups exploiting trusted processes to blend in and extend dwell time inside modern network environments.

Low impact

Kill Chain

ICInitial Compromise(medium)
PEPrivilege Escalation(medium)
LMLateral Movement(medium)
C&CCommand & Control(low)
EExfiltration(low)
IImpact(low)
Read report
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